Fluorophore Labeled Gold Nanoparticles

This technology utilizes the complete line of Accurate™ Spherical Gold Nanoparticles, Nanorods, Microgold™, and Gold Nanowires and allows the customer to choose the fluorophore and in vitro conjugation including amine, biotin, carboxyl, methyl, maleimide, neutravidin, streptavidin, and secondary antibody conjugations. These particles may also be conjugated to customer defined antibodies, peptides, oligos, and more. These conjugated particles can be used in brightfield, darkfield, fluorescence, and other imaging modes; and ELISA, lateral flow, and other assays. Although some fluorophores may be plasmonically enhanced by the correct choice of shape and sized gold nanoparticle, the designs allow for as many fluorophores as possible to be conjugated to each. Every batch is completely characterized including size, monodispersity, and concentration. A Certificate of Analysis (COA) is provided for every order exhibiting TEM and UV-VIS images and data, as well as DLS data.

FREE - These products, like all of our products, are BSA Free, Sodium Azide Free, and Glycerol Free

"Nanopartz is sublime for their broad range of high quality products, which are, as they truthfully describe on their website of excellent quality. The fluorescent gold nanoparticles I'm using in my research are perfect: high density, stable and high fluorescent efficiency, so they're making my nanoparticle microscopy study so much easier. Moreover, their technical support is the best I have ever encountered in a company, very patient and extremely helpful and friendly. Thank you! "

Wieteke de Boer, PhD Departments of Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Columbia University

 

Copy of Passive targeting for Nanopartz

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Fluorophore Labeled Spherical Gold Nanoparticles
Fluorophore Labeled Spherical Gold Nanoparticles
Part Number: CF11
Options: -(DIAMETER)-(FLUOROPHORE)-(FUNCTIONALIZATION)-(BUFFER)-(OD-mLs)-(VOL)-(CS)-(EP)-(NEGATIVE CONTROL)

Example part number for a 30nm diameter sphere, CY5 fluorophore, with a methyl polymer functionalization, in water, at 50 OD-mLs (2.5mg/mL, OD=50, 1mL) would be: CF11-30-CY5-FM-DIH-50-1
Note: NHS and Maleimide conjugations come dry
PEG (PEG)
TA (Amine)
TB (Biotin)
TC (Carboxyl)
TH (Hydroxyl)
TM (Methyl)
TN (Neutravidin)
TG (GSH)
TS (Streptavidin)
TNHS (NHS)
TMAL (Maleimide)
TMU (Mutab)
TPA (Protein A)
TG (Protein G)
TSH (Thiol)
TGAL (Galactose)
THRP (Horseradish Peroxidase)
Price$520.00
Fluorophore Labeled Gold Nanorods
Fluorophore Labeled Gold Nanorods
Part Number: CF12
Options: -(DIAM/SPR)-(FLUOROPHORE)-(FUNCTIONALIZATION)-(BUFFER)-(OD-mLs)-(VOL)-(CS)-(EP)-(NEGATIVE CONTROL)

Example part number for a 25nm diameter rod with an SPR=808nm, CY5 fluorophore, with a methyl polymer functionalization, in water, at 50 OD-mLs (2.5mg/mL, OD=50, 1mL) would be: CP12-25-808-CY5-FM-DIH-50-1
Note: NHS and Maleimide conjugations come dry
PEG (PEG)
TA (Amine)
TB (Biotin)
TC (Carboxyl)
TH (Hydroxyl)
TM (Methyl)
TN (Neutravidin)
TG (GSH)
TS (Streptavidin)
TNHS (NHS)
TMAL (Maleimide)
TMU (Mutab)
TPA (Protein A)
TG (Protein G)
TSH (Thiol)
TGAL (Galactose)
THRP (Horseradish Peroxidase)
Price$520.00
CF13 Fluorophore Labeled Microgold
CF13 Fluorophore Labeled Microgold
Part Number: CF13
OPTION: -(LENGTH)-(FLUOROPHORE)-(FUNCTIONALIZATION)-(Buffer)-(WT)-(VOL)-(CS)-(EP)-(Negative Control)

Example part number for a 1000nm long Microgold, CY5 fluorophore, with a methyl polymer conjugation, in water, 0.25mg in 1mL would be: CF13-1000-CY5-FM-DIH-0.25-1
Options:
500nm: 75x500nm
1000nm: 100x1000nm
2000nm: 150x2000nm
Note: NHS and Maleimide conjugations come dry
PEG (PEG)
TA (Amine)
TB (Biotin)
TC (Carboxyl)
TH (Hydroxyl)
TM (Methyl)
TN (Neutravidin)
TG (GSH)
TS (Streptavidin)
TNHS (NHS)
TMAL (Maleimide)
TMU (Mutab)
TPA (Protein A)
TG (Protein G)
TSH (Thiol)
TGAL (Galactose)
THRP (Horseradish Peroxidase)
Price$520.00
Fluorophore Labeled Gold Nanowires
Fluorophore Labeled Gold Nanowires
Part Number: CF14
Options: -(LENGTH)-(FLUOROPHORE)-(FUNCTIONALIZATION)-(Buffer)-5-(CS)-(EP)-(NEGATIVE CONTROL)

Example part number for a 10000nm long gold nanowire, CY5 fluorophore, with a methyl polymer conjugation, in water, at 0.25mg in 1mL would be: CF14-10K-CY5-FM-DIH-0.25-1
Lengths from 1000nm to 20000nm
Note: NHS and Maleimide conjugations come dry
PEG (PEG)
TA (Amine)
TB (Biotin)
TC (Carboxyl)
TH (Hydroxyl)
TM (Methyl)
TN (Neutravidin)
TG (GSH)
TS (Streptavidin)
TNHS (NHS)
TMAL (Maleimide)
TMU (Mutab)
TPA (Protein A)
TG (Protein G)
TSH (Thiol)
TGAL (Galactose)
THRP (Horseradish Peroxidase)
Price$520.00


Diameter (nm) Peak SPR Wavelength (nm) NPS/ml Molarity (pM) Moles Molar Ext. (M-1cm-1) Size Dispersity %PDI Size Accuracy (+/- nm)
1.8 n/a 4.25E+16 7.10E+07 7.09E-08 7.05E+05 <35% 0.1
2.2 n/a 2.33E+16 3.90E+07 3.88E-08 1.29E+06 <25% 0.1
3 n/a 9.19E+15 1.50E+07 1.53E-08 3.26E+06 <20% 0.1
4 n/a 3.88E+15 6.50E+06 6.46E-09 7.74E+06 <20% 1
5 512 1.99E+15 3.30E+06 3.31E-09 1.51E+07 <20% 2
10 516 2.48E+14 4.10E+05 4.14E-10 1.21E+08 <15% 2
15 518 7.35E+13 1.20E+05 1.23E-10 4.08E+08 <15% 2
20 520 3.10E+13 5.20E+04 5.17E-11 9.67E+08 <10% 2
25 521 1.59E+13 2.60E+04 2.65E-11 1.89E+09 <10% 2
30 523 9.19E+12 1.50E+04 1.53E-11 3.26E+09 <6% 2
35 526 5.79E+12 9.60E+03 9.65E-12 5.18E+09 <6% 2
40 527 3.88E+12 6.50E+03 6.46E-12 7.74E+09 <4% 2
45 529 2.72E+12 4.50E+03 4.54E-12 1.10E+10 <4% 2
50 531 1.99E+12 3.30E+03 3.31E-12 1.51E+10 <4% 2
55 533 1.49E+12 2.50E+03 2.49E-12 2.01E+10 <4% 2
60 536 1.15E+12 1.90E+03 1.91E-12 2.61E+10 <4% 2
65 539 9.04E+11 1.50E+03 1.51E-12 3.32E+10 <4% 2
70 542 7.23E+11 1.20E+03 1.21E-12 4.15E+10 <4% 2
75 545 5.88E+11 9.80E+02 9.80E-13 5.10E+10 <4% 2
80 549 4.85E+11 8.10E+02 8.08E-13 6.19E+10 <4% 2
85 553 4.04E+11 6.70E+02 6.73E-13 7.42E+10 <4% 2
90 558 3.40E+11 5.70E+02 5.67E-13 8.81E+10 <4% 2
95 563 2.89E+11 4.80E+02 4.82E-13 1.04E+11 <4% 2
100 569 2.48E+11 4.10E+02 4.14E-13 1.21E+11 <4% 2
150 612 7.35E+10 1.20E+02 1.23E-13 4.08E+11 <4% 10
200 n/a 3.10E+10 5.20E+01 5.17E-14 9.67E+11 <4% 10
500 n/a 1.99E+09 3.30E+00 3.31E-15 1.51E+13 <4% 50
1000 n/a 2.48E+08 4.10E-01 4.14E-16 1.21E+14 <4% 100
1500 n/a 7.35E+07 1.20E-01 1.23E-16 4.08E+14 <4% 150

 

Optical Density >= 50, 2.5 for sizes >=500nm
Wt conc = 2.5mg/mL, 1mL volume typical
Wt % = 0.25%
ppm = 2500
%PDI = Std Dev/Size
See Tech Note TN801 for definition of terms and method of analysis
All specs typical. May vary batch to batch. Exact values are measured for each batch
Shape monodispersity (% spheres) > 99.9%
Solution default is 18MEG DI water
Residual Chemicals < 0.1%

 

 

Diameter (nm) Length (nm) Aspect Ratio Peak SPR Wave (nm) OD SPR (AU) Peak LSPR Wave (nm) OD LSPR (AU) Nanorods /mL Molarity (nM) Moles SPR Molar Ext. (M-1cm-1) Peak SPR accuracy (nm)
5 21 4.2 808 50 510 10 2.39E+14 398.72 3.99E-10 1.25E+08 794-829
5 19 3.8 780 50 510 10 2.67E+14 444.72 4.45E-10 1.12E+08 765-794
5 15 3 700 50 510 10 3.47E+14 578.14 5.78E-10 8.65E+07 675-725
                       
10 175 17.5 2100 50 510 10 6.73E+12 11.21 1.12E-11 4.46E+09 1900-2300
10 102 10.2 1400 50 510 10 1.17E+13 19.47 1.95E-11 2.57E+09 1300-1500
10 81 8.1 1200 50 510 10 1.48E+13 24.67 2.47E-11 2.03E+09 1132-1300
10 67 6.7 1064 50 510 10 1.81E+13 30.13 3.01E-11 1.66E+09 1022-1132
10 59 5.9 980 50 510 10 2.09E+13 34.91 3.49E-11 1.43E+09 965-1022
10 55 5.5 950 50 510 10 2.22E+13 37 3.70E-11 1.35E+09 925-965
10 50 5 900 50 510 10 2.47E+13 41.11 4.11E-11 1.22E+09 875-925
10 45 4.5 850 50 510 10 2.78E+13 46.25 4.63E-11 1.08E+09 829-875
10 41 4.1 808 50 510 10 3.10E+13 51.68 5.17E-11 9.68E+08 794-829
10 38 3.8 780 50 510 10 3.36E+13 56.06 5.61E-11 8.92E+08 765-794
10 35 3.5 750 50 510 10 3.70E+13 61.67 6.17E-11 8.11E+08 725-765
10 29 2.9 700 50 510 10 4.44E+13 74 7.40E-11 6.76E+08 675-725
10 24 2.4 650 50 510 10 5.55E+13 92.5 9.25E-11 5.41E+08 625-675
10 19 1.9 600 50 510 10 7.40E+13 123.34 1.23E-10 4.05E+08 575-625
                       
25 245 9.8 1400 50 514 15 1.12E+12 1.86 1.86E-12 2.69E+10 1232-1500
25 137 5.5 1064 50 514 15 2.05E+12 3.42 3.42E-12 1.46E+10 1022-1232
25 119 4.8 980 50 514 15 2.39E+12 3.98 3.98E-12 1.26E+10 965-1022
25 102 4.1 950 50 514 15 2.82E+12 4.7 4.70E-12 1.06E+10 925-965
25 96 3.8 900 50 514 15 3.01E+12 5.02 5.02E-12 9.95E+09 875-925
25 93 3.7 850 50 514 15 3.12E+12 5.2 5.20E-12 9.61E+09 829-875
25 90 3.6 808 50 514 15 3.24E+12 5.39 5.39E-12 9.27E+09 794-829
25 87 3.5 780 50 514 15 3.36E+12 5.6 5.60E-12 8.93E+09 765-794
25 85 3.4 750 50 514 15 3.45E+12 5.75 5.75E-12 8.70E+09 725-765
25 75 3 700 50 514 15 3.96E+12 6.61 6.61E-12 7.57E+09 675-725
25 71 2.8 650 50 514 15 4.22E+12 7.03 7.03E-12 7.11E+09 625-675
25 57 2.3 600 50 514 15 5.43E+12 9.05 9.05E-12 5.52E+09 575-625
25 34 1.4 550 50 514 15 1.01E+13 16.91 1.69E-11 2.96E+09 525-575
                       
40 208 5.2 850 50 520 20 5.30E+11 0.88 8.84E-13 5.66E+10 1022-1232
40 180 4.5 850 50 520 20 6.19E+11 1.03 1.03E-12 4.84E+10 875-1022
40 148 3.7 850 50 520 20 7.67E+11 1.28 1.28E-12 3.91E+10 829-875
40 134 3.4 808 50 520 20 8.56E+11 1.43 1.43E-12 3.51E+10 794-829
40 124 3.1 780 50 520 20 9.33E+11 1.55 1.55E-12 3.22E+10 765-794
40 112 2.8 750 50 520 20 1.05E+12 1.74 1.74E-12 2.87E+10 725-765
40 92 2.3 700 50 520 20 1.31E+12 2.19 2.19E-12 2.29E+10 675-725
40 80 2 650 50 520 20 1.55E+12 2.58 2.58E-12 1.94E+10 625-675
40 68 1.7 600 50 520 20 1.89E+12 3.15 3.15E-12 1.59E+10 575-625
40 60 1.5 550 50 520 20 2.21E+12 3.69 3.69E-12 1.36E+10 525-575
                       
50 245 4.9 1064 50 530 25 2.89E+11 0.48 4.82E-13 1.04E+11 980-1232
50 145 2.9 808 50 530 25 5.15E+11 0.86 8.58E-13 5.83E+10 750-850
50 110 2.2 700 50 530 25 7.08E+11 1.18 1.18E-12 4.24E+10 650-750
50 100 2 600 50 530 25 7.93E+11 1.32 1.32E-12 3.78E+10 550-650
                       
70 150 2.1 600 50 530 25 2.66E+11 0.44 4.44E-13 1.13E+11 550-650
70 120 1.7 750 50 530 25 3.49E+11 0.58 5.81E-13 8.60E+10 700-800
70 105 1.5 650 50 530 25 4.13E+11 0.69 6.88E-13 7.27E+10 600-700
70 91 1.3 550 50 530 25 4.98E+11 0.83 8.30E-13 6.02E+10 500-600

 

SPR = Longitudinal SPR peak
LSPR = Transverse SPR peak
Shape monodispersity (% rods) > 95%
Size variation +/-10% (both dimensions)
wt. conc. = 1750 for diams <=10, 2500 for diams >=25nm
wt%=.175% for diams <=10, .25% for diams >=25nm
ppm=1750 for diams <=10, 2500 for diams >=25nm

 

 

 

 

Diameter (nm) Length (nm) Aspect Ratio Peak SPR Wave (nm) SPR OD (1cm) Microgold /mL Molarity (pM) Moles SPR Molar Ext. (M-1cm-1)
75 500 6.7 510 0.25 6.18E+09 10.3 1.03E-14 2.43E+07
100 1000 10 510 0.25 1.71E+09 2.85 2.85E-15 8.78E+07
150 2000 13.3 510 0.25 3.76E+08 0.63 0.1 3.98E+08

 

SPR = Transverse SPR peak
Shape monodispersity (% rods) > 95%
Size variation +/-10% (both dimensions)
Wt. conc (mg/mL) = 0.25
Wt. %=0.025%
PPM=250

 

 

 

Diameter (nm) Length (nm) Aspect Ratio Peak SPR Wave (nm) Nanowires /mL Molarity (pM) SPR Molar Ext. (M-1cm-1)
75 1000 13 510 3.01E+09 5.02 9.96E+06
75 2000 27 510 1.49E+09 2.48 2.02E+07
75 4000 53 510 7.39E+08 1.23 4.06E+07
75 6000 80 510 4.91E+08 0.82 6.10E+07
75 10000 133 510 2.94E+08 0.49 1.02E+08
100 20000 200 510 8.27E+07 0.14 3.63E+08

 

SPR = Transverse SPR peak
Shape monodispersity (% wires) > 95%
Size variation +/-10% (both dimensions)
Wt. conc.= 250 ug/mL
Wt. % = 0.025%
PPM=250

 

Functionalized Nanorod Block Invitro

 

Fluorophore Labeled functionalized gold nanoparticle with Nanopartz covalently bonded polymer

 

 

Loading Range (/nm2)
Charge (mV)
Smaller particles Larger particles Smaller particles Larger particles
PEG
3
1
-27
-12
Alkyne
2
2
-25
-25
Amine
2
2
-20
20
Azide
2
2
-25
-25
Biotin
3
1.5
-25
-15
Carboxyl
3
2
-38
-45
Methyl
3
2
-27
-12
Streptavidin
0.008
0.008
-25
-10
Neutravidin
0.008
0.008
-25
-10
GSH (Glutathione)
3
1.5
-25
-15
Protein A
0.04
0.04
-25
-10
Protein G
0.04
0.04
-25
-10
Maleimide
2
1
-27
-12
NHS
2
1.5
-25
-15
Hydroxyl
2
2
-27
-12
Thiol
2
2
-30
-30
Galactose
2
2
-30
-30
Mutab
4
3
30
40
IgG
0.003
0.02
0.02
0.02

Wavelength (nm)

Name Excitation (nm) Emission (nm) Ext. Coef QY MW
405 AF405 402 421     1000
  Dy405 400 420      
488 FITC 494 518 70000   389
  Dy488 493 518 70000    
  AF488 490 525      
  GFP 488 509      
532 Rhodamine 535 575     479
550 Cy3 555 570 150000 0.31 590
  Dy550 562 576      
  AF555 555 580      
  AF568 578 603      
600 Cy3.5 591 604 116000 0.35 741
  Dy594 593 618      
  AF594 590 617      
  Texas Red 592 614      
633 AF633 621 639 159000   1200
650 Cy5 646 662 250000 0.2 761
  Dy 650 652 672      
  AF647 650 665      
680 Cy5.5 673 707 209000 0.2 767
  Dy680 682 715      
  AF680 679 702      
750 Cy7 750 773 199000 0.3 733
  Dy755 754 776 220000    
  AF750 749 775      
800 Cy7.5 778 797 223000   833
  Dy800 777 794     953
  Indocyanine green (ICG) 788 813      

 

Composition

These nanoparticles are shipped in 18MEG DI water (default solution) with no measurable residual reactants.

Custom Formulation

Please contact us.

Quantity

This product is available in 1mL volumes and larger.

Introductory Kits

Please contact us.

Delivery

Standard sizes are in stock. Special order sizes are shipped in two weeks or less. All domestic shipments are sent Fed Ex Standard Overnight delivery, international Fed Ex Priority 2 day. No shipments on Fridays except for dried particles. Saturday shipping available for extra charge.

Functionalization

This product comes with a number of different covalent options.

Shelf Life/Storage Temperature

This product is guaranteed for six months and should be stored at 4 °C after opening. Care must be taken to only use sterile glassware when working with this product.

Toxicity

This product is known to be noncytotoxic. This product has been sterilized and is biological free.

Sterilization

This product is sterilized.

For post sterilization testing, please choose Sterilization Certification.

For endotoxin purification, choose Endotoxin Purified.

Certifications

Every order comes with a Certification of Analysis that includes the following information. We use calibration traceable:

UV-VIS (Agilent 8453) for extinction and concentration measurements

NIR (Cary 500) for NIR extinction and concentration measurements

DLS (Malvern Nano ZS) for zeta potential measurement

ICP-MS (Varian 820-MS) for gold mass measurements

TEM (Phillips CM-100 100KV) for sizing

Spherical Gold Nanoparticles UV VIS

How much thickness does your proprietary capping agent add?

Anywhere from 1-5nm.

How do I determine the concentration of the product?

Simply divide the number of nanoparticles (nps) found on the included COA by the amount of solution you add.

Why do you sell your rods as OD-mLs and what does this mean?

This is because unlike spherical gold nanoparticles, the conversion from OD to mg is not linear with nanorod diameter. Consequently, for the same OD, the weight of the nanorods increases with diameter. 50 OD-mLs means that if you resuspend the material in 1mL of solvent, you will have an absorption of OD50 through a 1mL optical path.

Can I resuspend in water?

Yes

Can I suspend in silicon oil?

No

What is the shelf life if I never open the package and keep refrigerated?

Many years.

Should I store in the refrigerator?

Yes.

How do you size your gold nanoparticles? Does the size include the capping agent?

We use three methods to specify our gold nanoparticles; TEM, UV VIS, and DLS. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, and we use a weighted system to take advantage of each methods strengths. In the end, we place the strongest weight to the TEM method, particularly since we use samples sizes greater than 50 particles for each lot.

Do you really provide a TEM for my specific lot?

Yes, and not just for 5-10 particles, rather 50-100 are standard.

Why are your small gold nanoparticles colored? I have seen 2nm particles on other website that look as clear as water.

All gold nanoparticles absorb and/or scatter. If you can't see them, then they probably aren't there.

What is OD?

Optical Density (OD) is measured by UV-VIS. An Optical Density OD=1 corresponds to a transmission of 10% through a 1cm cuvette. Optical Density is a nice unit to use since Optical Densities correlate linearly to concentration. So an Optical Density of 1.2 is equal to 1.2 times the concentration of a gold nanoparticle solution that has an Optical Density of 1. We use OD and concentration interchangingly as it is easier to refer to a solution of OD=1 rather than 2.35e12 nanoparticles. For all spheres up to 200nm, OD=1 does refer to 0.05mg/mL.

What is PDI?

PDI refers to polydispersity index and is equal to the standard deviation of the particle sizes divided by the average size.

How does your polymer bridge compare to PEG?

It is superior in its resistance to salt, pH, and other chemicals.

"We have looked at many different gold nanoparticles samples from Nanopartz including spheres, rods, and microrods using single particle spectroscopy techniques and are extremely happy with the quality of the samples and the service provided by Nanopartz."

Stephan Link, PhD
Assistant Professor of Chemistry
Rice University

Detectability of fluorescent gold nanoparticles under micro-CT and optical projection tomography imaging

 

 

S Kozomara, NL Ford
Journal of Medical Imaging, 2020•spiedigitallibrary.org
Abstract
Purpose: Preclinical studies often compare micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) imaging with histology using optical microscopy of fluorescently labeled slides. However, correlating the images is difficult because the tissues appear differently in the two modalities. It would be valuable to have a single contrast medium visible on both radiographic and optical imaging.
Approach: We have explored the detectability of fluorescently labeled gold nanoparticles under micro-CT and optical projection tomography (OPT) in agarose phantoms and a murine melanoma tumor model. Murine melanoma cells were used to induce tumor growth in the right hind legs of 12 C57Bl6 mice, with the maximal tumor size of 1  cm3. We injected Cy3 fluorescently coated gold nanorods directly into the tumors. The mice were scanned with in vivo micro-CT (for pre- and post-contrast scans). Once euthanized, the hind leg was dissected and scanned with a higher resolution specimen micro-CT and OPT.
Results: The distribution of the gold nanoparticles appeared to be contained and isolated to the tumor. Alignment of micro-CT specimen scans with the OPT scans was possible, although there was also autofluorescence of the surrounding muscle tissue.
Conclusions: This study highlights the potential use of fluorescently labeled gold nanoparticles for imaging murine melanoma tumors using micro-CT and OPT.

 

To investigate the use of fluorophore-labeled gold nanoparticles, it is essential to consider the binding properties of DNA functionalized gold nanoparticle probes and molecular fluorophore probes (Lytton-Jean & Mirkin, 2005). Oligonucleotide functionalized gold nanoparticles have become the basis for various diagnostic applications, competing with molecular fluorophores in certain settings (Lytton-Jean & Mirkin, 2005). Additionally, super-resolution fluorescence imaging techniques have been applied to study fluorescently labeled ligands bound to the surface of gold nanoparticles in solution (Blythe & Willets, 2015). This is crucial as it provides insights into the behavior of fluorophore-labeled ligands in the presence of gold nanoparticles.

Moreover, the real-time identification and tracking of gold nanoparticles in free-flowing vasculature had not been possible without extrinsic labels such as fluorophores (Burkitt et al., 2020). This highlights the potential for using fluorophore-labeled gold nanoparticles in biomedical applications, particularly for tracking nanoparticles in biological systems. Furthermore, the incorporation of fluorophores into gold nanoshells has been reported to considerably enhance resistance to photobleaching (Pellegrotti et al., 2014). This is significant for ensuring the stability and longevity of the fluorescence signal in applications involving gold nanoparticles and fluorophores.

In addition, the use of fluorophore-labeled aptamer probe functionalized gold nanoparticles has been demonstrated for noninvasive and highly selective monitoring of intracellular glucose (Tang et al., 2017). This showcases the potential for utilizing fluorophore-labeled gold nanoparticles in biosensing and bioimaging applications. Furthermore, the controlled reduction of photobleaching in DNA origami–gold nanoparticle hybrids has been reported, indicating the potential for enhancing the photostability of fluorophores in the presence of gold nanoparticles (Pellegrotti et al., 2014).

It is also important to consider the interaction between fluorophores and gold nanoparticles. For instance, the direct attachment of fluorophores to gold nanoparticles may result in the quenching of the fluorescent signal due to resonant energy transfer (Miles et al., 2017). This suggests that the proximity and attachment of fluorophores to gold nanoparticles can significantly impact the fluorescence signal, which is crucial to consider in the design of nanoparticle-fluorophore conjugates.

Moreover, the enhanced fluorescence signals in patterned nanoporous gold nanoparticles make them a viable material for further reducing detection limits for biomolecular targets used in clinical assays (Santos et al., 2015). This highlights the potential for utilizing nanoporous gold nanoparticles in conjunction with fluorophores for sensitive detection applications.

In summary, the literature provides valuable insights into the use of fluorophore-labeled gold nanoparticles, including their binding properties, tracking capabilities, photostability, and potential applications in biosensing and bioimaging. Understanding the interaction between fluorophores and gold nanoparticles is crucial for optimizing their performance in various biomedical and diagnostic applications.

 

Blythe, K. and Willets, K. (2015). Super-resolution imaging of fluorophore-labeled dna bound to gold nanoparticles: a single-molecule, single-particle approach. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 120(2), 803-815. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b08534

Burkitt, S., Mehraein, M., Stanciauskas, R., Campbell, J., Fraser, S., & Zavaleta, C. (2020). Label-free visualization and tracking of gold nanoparticles in vasculature using multiphoton luminescence. Nanomaterials, 10(11), 2239. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10112239

Lytton-Jean, A. and Mirkin, C. (2005). A thermodynamic investigation into the binding properties of dna functionalized gold nanoparticle probes and molecular fluorophore probes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 127(37), 12754-12755. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja052255o

Miles, B., Greenwood, A., Benito-Alifonso, D., Tanner, H., Galan, M., Verkade, P., … & Gersen, H. (2017). Direct evidence of lack of colocalisation of fluorescently labelled gold labels used in correlative light electron microscopy. Scientific Reports, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep44666

Pellegrotti, J., Acuna, G., Puchkova, A., Holzmeister, P., Gietl, A., Lalkens, B., … & Tinnefeld, P. (2014). Controlled reduction of photobleaching in dna origami–gold nanoparticle hybrids. Nano Letters, 14(5), 2831-2836. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl500841n

Santos, G., Zhao, F., Zeng, J., Li, M., & Shih, W. (2015). Label‐free, zeptomole cancer biomarker detection by surface‐enhanced fluorescence on nanoporous gold disk plasmonic nanoparticles. Journal of Biophotonics, 8(10), 855-863. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbio.201400134

Tang, J., Ma, D., Pecic, S., Huang, C., Zheng, J., Li, J., … & Yang, R. (2017). Noninvasive and highly selective monitoring of intracellular glucose via a two-step recognition-based nanokit. Analytical Chemistry, 89(16), 8319-8327. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01532

 

 

  Nanopartz Fluorophore Labeled  Gold Nanoparticles
Stability (salt,pH,chemicals) High
Monovalent Yes
Nonspecific binding Very low
Sterilization Yes

 

 

  • Covalent bonds insure specificity, stability, long shelf life
  • Buffer Stability - stable from pH 4-9
  • No sodium azide
  • No BSA
  • Polymer coating insures no aggregation in high salts, reduced nonspecific binding
  • Stable
  • Well Characterized
  • Customer can select buffer
  • Customer can select gold nanoparticle type, size and/or SPR
  • Loading of all ligands is optimized

Example part number is CF11-10-488-FZ-DIH-50-1-CS-EP where:

CF11 - Product family number for Fluorophore Labeled Spherical Gold Nanoparticles. For Gold Nanorods, its CF12 and so forth.

10 - Sphere diameter in nanometers. Other choices are 1.8 to 1500

488 - Fluorophore. For a complete list go here Fluorophore List.

FZ - Covalent ligand, in this case Azide.

DIH - Buffer, in this case 18MEG DI water. Other choices are PBS, MES, Sodium Borate, TRIS

50 - Optical Density, in this case OD=50, optional 250

1 - Volume (mL). Other choices are 5mL, 10mL and more.

CS - Certified Sterilized - Though the product come sterilized, this option includes testing and certification.

EP - Endotoxin Purified - The product is endotoxin purified and certified.

How to Order

Ordering by scrolling down and selecting the options from the selection below.